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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 59, page id 778263916:0075
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Secundary Oualities.
5. 22. Thave, in Wtiat just soes betore, becn engaged in PhyTICa
Finguiries a little Carther than, perhraps, I intended. Bur it beins necessa-
rr, Eomatie the Nature ot Senlation a litele understood; and to inalce the
difference between the ualities in Bodies, and the Ideas produced by them
inthe Mind, to bc dictincly conceived, rithout which it rere impossible
to discourse intellisibly ol them: I hope, IMall be parcloned this litrle
Fxcursion into Natural Philosophr, it beins necestary in our present Fn.
quirr, to distinguis the primary, aud real Qualities ol Bodies, Wrhicharc
alvars in them, (viz. Solidier, Extension, Firure, Number, and Motion,
Or Rest, and are lometimes perceired by us, viz. Wrhen the Bodies they
are in, are bis enoush linsls to be discerned) tromi those secundary and
imposted Qualities, Which are but the Porvers of several Combinations of
choleprimary ones, irtien they operate, Withour beins distinctly discer-
Bed; Whereby re also mas come to Hnow wrhat ideas are, and irtrat are
noc Relemblances of somethins realls existins in the Bodies, We denomi
Rate From FHeM.
5. 23. The Zualicies, then chat are in in Bodies righuly considered, are
ef Three sorts:
First, THe Bulk, Ficure, Number, Sitvarion, and Morion, or Rest oF
their Colid Parts; these are in them, whether e perceire them or no; and
When thes are oF that sizc, that we can discorer them, re have by these
an Idea oF chething, as it is in it selE, as is plain in artificial thinss.
These I CaII primary Oualities.
Secondir, The Pover that is in any Body, hy Reason oF its insensible
primary Oualities, to operate alter a peculiar manner on arr oE our Senses,
and chereby produce in us che different Ldeas ot several Colours, Sounds,
Smells, Palts, (50. Thele are usualr calsed sensible Oualities.
Thiralr, The Pover that is in any BodY, By Reason of the particulap
Constitution of irs primary Oualities, ro makce lueh a chanse in the Bulk,
Fieure, Texture, and Motion of another Body, a5 to makce it operate ori
our senses, difterently trom wrhat it did betore. Thus the Sun has a POW
er to makre Wax wrhite, and Fire to malie Lead Auid.
The First of these, as has been Caid, Pthink, may be properly called re-
al. Orixinal, er primary Qualities, Decause ther are in the things chem-
selves, Wrhrecher they are perceired or no: and upon their difterent Modi-
fications it is, that the secundarr ualities depend.
The orher ero, are only Porvers to act disterentr upon octier things,
rhich Porvers retule from the ditterent Modisications ol chole primary
Oualities.
5. 24. Burchoush these dvo later forts of Qualities, are Povers barely,
and nochins but Povers, relatine to several other Bodies, and resulting
rom the different Modifications of the Original Qualities; vet they arc
generally ocherrrise thoushE OF. FOr the Second sort, viz. The POWerS
to procuce sereral Sdeas in usby our Senles, are looke d upon as reat Ouali-
ries, in the thines thus affectins us: Bue Zhe Third sort are calld and e-
steeme dbarely Povers. V. e. the Ldea OF FICaL, Or LighF, Which e receive
Dy our Fiyes, or touch trom the sun, are commonty chouont reat Ouali-
ties, exiltins in the sun, and somethins more than barely Povers in it
But wrhen e consider the Sun, in reserence to Wax, Which it melts, Or
blanches, e look uxon the Whitenels and Softnels produced inthe Wax
not as Qualities in che sun, bur P. Hects produced By Povers in ic: WhilAt
re
F