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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 60, page id 778263916:0076
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Secundary Oualities.
vec e look on Lighe and Warmth to be real Oualiries, Lomethins more
than bare Poirers in the Sun. Whereas, il rishelr considered, thele Oua-
licies oE Lishr and Narmth wrhich are Perceptions inme, When I am
armed, ox enlighened by the sun, are no ochervise in the Sun, than the
chansesmade in the Wax, When it is blanched or melted, are in the Sun.
They arc alI of them equally Poers in the sun, dependins on its primares
Oualities; Whereby it is able inthe one calo, (0 to alter the Bulk, Fisurc,
Texture, or Motion of some ol the insensible parrs of mys F. es, OF Ilands,
asthereby to produce in me the Ideas ofLishe, or FIcat; and in the o
ther, it is able (0 to alter the Bulk, Figure, L’exture, or Motion ot the in-
sen sible Parts oF theWax, as to malie them t to produce in me the distinet
Ideas ot Whiteand Fluid.
5. 25. TheRealon, Why the one are ordinarily taten for real Qualities,
andthe other onty for bare Povers, scems to b0, Decaule the LdeaS WC
trare ofdiltinct Colours, Sounds, esc. containine nochine at ail in them,
OF Bulle, Fisure, or Motion, e are not apt to thinke them the Ret ot
thele primary Oualities, Which appear noc to our Senles to operate in
cheir Production; and rith hich, ther have not any apparent Congrui-
ty, Or conceirable Connexion. ITence it is, that ve are (o formard t0
imagine, that thole Ideas are the resemblances of lomethns really exist-
ins in the Objecs themletres: Since Sensation discovers nochins O Bull,
Fixure, or Nocion ot parts in their Production; nor can Realon BeW,
hor Bodies by their Bull, Figure, and Morions, Mould produce in tho
Mind thc Ideas oF Bluc, or Lellor, 60c. Bur intheother Calo, in tho
Oxerations of Bodies, chansins the Qualities one ot another, re plaint
discover, that the Qualier produced, hath commonls no resemblance
rithans chins inche thins producins il; wheretore we lool on it a5 a
Bare Ffect of Porrer. For thoush reccirins the Idea ol IPeat, or Lighi,
From the sun, re are apt tothints, tis a Perception and Relemblance ot
such a Qualiey in the sun: yet wrhen re see Wax, or a lair Face, reccire
chanse ot Colour trom the Sun, e cannot imagine chatto be the Rece
ption, or Relemblance ol any thine in the sun, because we And not thole
disterent Colours in the Sun it selt. For our Senses, beine able to observe
alitcenels, or unlikenels of sensible Oualiries in ewo different external OB.
jects, we formardy enoush conclude the Production ot any sensible Oua
lier in any Subicet, to be an FHect of bare Porver, and nor the Commu-
nication oF an Duality, Whieh Wasrealle in the efficient, irhen we find
no such sensible Oualier in the chins that produced it. But our Senses,
not beins able ro discover ans unlikeness betreen the Idea produced in
us, and the Oualits oFthe Obieet procucins ic, We are apt to imagine,
that our Ideas are relemblances ot lomethine inthe Objects, and nor the
Fflects oF certain Porvers, placedin the Moditication of their primary dua
licies, with which primari Oualiciesthe Ideas produced in us haveno re
semblance.
8. 26. T0 conclude, belidethole belore mentioned primary Oualities in
Bodies, viz. Bull, Pigure, Fxtension, Numiber, and Motion of their Colid
Pares; all the rest, Wherebs e calenotice ot Bodies, and distinsuit them
onc trom another, are nothins else, buc several Povers in them, depen-
dins on thole primary Oualitiesi nhereby they are tirted, citherby immedi
acely operatins on our Bodies, to produce several disterent Ideas in US;
or elle by operatins on ocher Bodies, (0 to chanse thoir primors Qualities,
as torender them capable of producins ideas in us, different irom what
velore chey dic. Theformer of thele, Pchiuls, mas be called secundary
Qualities, immediately perceivable: The later, secundory Qualities, me-
diatelr perceivable.
CH AF