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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 70, page id 778263916:0086
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Discerni, 
I
25, and in place of her Puppies, il rou ean but set them once to suck her
(0 lons, chat her Milk may go chroigh them.
5. 8. When Children have, by repeated Sensations, fot Ideas Axcd in
their Memories, they besin, by deorees, to learn theule oF Signs: And
erhren they have got the strill to apply the Orsans of Specch to the tra-
mins ot articulate Sounds, they begin to makre use of Words, to Tignitie threir
Ideas to Others; wrhich words ther lometimes borron trom others, aud
Cometimes matse chemlelres, as one may obserre amons the ner and
unulual Names Children osten sire to thingo in their tirst use of Lan
SuagC.
G. 9. The use oFNords then beins to Cand as outmard Marts oF our
interval Ldeas, and those Ideas Deins takcen trom particular things, it eve-
ry particular Idea e talce in, Mould have a dictinet Name, Names must
Be endless. Fo prevent this, theMind makes the particular Ldeas, recei
ved trom particular Objects; to bccome general; wrhich is done by con
Siderins them asthey are inthe Mind such Appcarances, separate From all
other Existencies, and the circumstances ot real Existence, as Time, Place,
or any ocher concomitant Ideas. Thisis called ABSTR ACYFON
Whereby Ldeas takcen trom particular Beinss, become general Representa-
tires oFalloEthe same kind; and eheir Names general Names, applicable
tohaterer exilts contormable to such abstra st Ldeas. Sueh precile, naked
Appearances in the Mind, without considerins, ho, Whence, or wich
erhat others ches came there, the Inderttandins lays ur (with Names
commonty annexed to thiem) as the Scandards to ranks real Exiltencies
into Ports, as they agrec iththese Patterns, and to denominate them ac-
cordinoly. Thus the same Colour beins observed to day in Chalk or
Snow, which theMind yelterdas received trom Milk, ic considers that
Appearance alone, maties it a representatire oF all oFthat bind; and ha-
vins siven it the name Whiteness, it by that Pound signities the lame quali-
Whereloerer to be imasin d or met wich; and chus Oniversals, Whecher
Ideas Or Terms, are made.
6. FO. TFit mas be doubted, Whether Beasts compound and enlarge
their Ideas that maz, to any degrec: This, Lchint, l may be poluive in,
That the porrer oE Abstractine, is not at all in them; and that eHc ha-
vins of general Ideas, is that Wwhieh purs a perfect distinction betwixt
Man and Brutes; and is an Lxcellenes wrhich the laculties ot Brutes do
by nomeans attain t0. FOr it is evident, re observeno foot- Reps in them,
et makrins use of general signs for universal Toleas; trom wrhich ve tave
reason toimaxine, that cher have not the facults ot abstractins, Or ma-
tins general Ldeas, lince thes have no ule of Words, or any other sene.
ral SigS.
S. FT. Nor can it be imputed totheir anE OF AE OrgaNS, FO TramE aE
ticulate Sounds, that ther hareno ule, or lnowledge of general W ords;
since mans ot them, we find, can Fathion such Sounds, and pronounce
Words dictincly enough, but never mith ans suchapplication. And, on
che ocher side, Men, who chroust some defect in the Organs, Want
Words, se tail nocro express their univerlal Ideas by Ciens, Wrhich serve
them instead ot general ords, a faculey whichre sce Beacts come Mort in.
And cheresore Pthinke re may suppole, That tis in this, that the Species
oF Bruces are discriminated rom Man; and tis chat prover difference
Wherein thes are iholls separated, and which ac last widens to (0 vast a
distance. For it they have any Ideas at aIl, and are vot bare Nachins
(a5 lome rould have them) Wre cannot deny them tohare (ome Reason.
Ic seems as evident come, chac ches dorealon, as ilat ihey lave lense;
Bu