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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 75, page id 778263916:0091
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Simple Modes ofS
C II A P.
XIII.
Of simple Modes; and first, of the simple Modes of Space.
S. 2.
HToush in che Poresoitrs part, Thave often tmetitioned simple
Ideas, Which are truly the MaterialS oF aIl our Rhomledoe:
vet having created oE them there, rather in the az that ther come in-
cothe Mlind, than as distinguistred trom others more corripounded, it
rill noc be, pertraps, amils to tatre a view ol some of them acain under
this Consideration, and examine chose different Modifications of the same
Idea; Wrtich ehre Mind cicher fnds in chings existins, or is able eo malse
richin ic selE, Wwithout the help ot ans extrinsical Object, or ans foreign
Susgection.
Thole Modifications of any one simple Idea (ertrich as has Been Caic,
calt simple Modes) are as perlectly different and distinst Ideas in FhC
Mind, as those ofthe greatest distance or contrarietr. For the Idea OF
Tvo i5 as distinct from Three, as Blueness From Teat, Or citler oF them
trom any Nurriber; and ret ches are made up only olchat limple Idea ot
an Onite repeated; and thele Repetirions joined together, malie thole
distinct simple Modes, Ot a Dozen, a Gross, a Million.
5. 2. LMall besin with the simple Idea of Space. Thave Mewed above.
c. 4. that we pet che Idea oF Space, boch by our Siglt, and Fouch; Wwhich,
Ichinke, is Co evidene, chat it vould be as necdlels, tO gO tO prOVO, LMaE
Men perceire by cheir Sighe, a distance berween Bodies ot different Co-
IOUrS, OF BCTWCen thC PartS OF FHC Pame BOdY; as That ther sec ColourS
themselves: Nor is it lels obrious, that they can do so in the DarkBY
Feclins and Fouch.
6. 3. This Space considered barely in leneth Betreen any rvo Beines.
Without consideriris auy chine esse vetween them, is called distance: It
considered in Lensch. Breadth, and Thickness, P chink, it may be called
Capacier: When considered between the extremities of Matrer, Wrhict
Allsthe Capacitr oF Space wich Comechins solic, tansible, and movable.
it is properiy called Extension. And Co Fxtention is an Idea belonsine eo
Body orir; but Space may, a5 is evident, De considlered ithout it. AF
least, Pchins ic most incellisible, and che best ras ro avoid Consulion, il
re ule the Word Extension tor an Afection oF Matter, or the distance of
the Extremities oF particular solid Bodies; atd Space in the more gene-
ral Signification for distance, with or without solid Macter Posses-
FIng iC.
6. 4. Fach disserent distance is a ditterent Moditication oF Space, and each
Idea of any different distance, or Space,is a simple Mode of this Idea. Hen
haring by accustomine themselves to stated lengths of Space, Whichther
ule for meaturine oF other dictances, as a Foot, a Tard, or a Farhom, a
Learue, or Diametre of the Farth, madle thole Ideas Familiar to their
Thoushes, can in their Minds repeat them as otten 2s they will, rith.
out mixing or joining eo them the Ldea oF Body, or any thinq elle; and
frame to themselres the Ideas oF lons. square, or cubicti, teet, Lards,
Ox Fathoms, here amongst the Bodies oF the Vniverse, or elle berond the
utmost Bounds of all Bodies; and by addins these sill One LO anOFMer
enlarse their Idea oF Space as much as thez please. This Pover oF re-
peatins, or doublins any Ldea we hare ot any diltance, aud addivs ic to
Et