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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 124, page id 778263916:0140
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P0.
B.
Far hath not heard, nor hath entred intothe Fleart of Manto conceive. But
Oflome deorees ot both, re have very livels impreltions made by leveral
instances of Delight and Tor on the one side, and TOrmene and SOrroW
on the other: Which, For Phortness sake, PMall comprehend under thenames
OFPleasure and Pain, there being pleasure and pain of the Mind, a5 vell as
the BodY: With Trim is fulness of Foy, and Pleasures for evermore: OP +0
Speak truly, they are all of the Mind; thoueh fome have their rise in ehe
Mind trom Thoughr, ochers in the Body trom Motion. FTapviness then
isthe utmost Pleature e are capable ot, and Miserr the utmost Pain.
Nor because Plealure and Pain are produced in, us, by the opcration ot
certain Obicats, cither on our Minds, or our Bodies; and in ditterent
decrees: theretore irhrat has an aptnessto proctuce pleature in us, is thae
Wre labour For, and is that re callGood; andrhat is apt to procuce pain
in us, re avoid and call Fvil, For no ocher reason, but for its aptnessto
produce Pleature and Pain in us, Wrherein consilts our happinels or milery.
Farther, because the degrees et Pleature and Pain have allo justy a prete-
rence; thouoh wrhat is apt to produce ans degree olPleature, be in ir selF
Sood; andihat is apt to produce any degrec ot Pain, becril; vet it of.
ten happens, that we donot call ic lo, wrhen it comes in competition mitt
a Freater oF its POrt. So that if we ill righels estimate irhrat we call
600d and Pvit, we Mall Aind it lies much in comparison: For the caule
OE every less desree of Pain, as vell as every greater degree ot Pleature,
has thenature ot crood, and vice versa, and is that wtrich determines our
Choice, and challenses our Prelerence. C00d then, the grearer 600d is
that alone which determines the WV ill.
6. 30. This is noc an imperfection in Nlan, it is the hiphest
persection oF intellectuel Natures: it is (0 Par From beine a restraint
or diminution of Freedom, that it is the very improvement and benefit
OF it: tis not an Abriedmene, tis tho end and ule ot our Liberty:
and the farther we are removed trom such a determination to Good,
che nearer We are t0 Misery and Slavery. A perfect Inditteroney in the
Will, Or Poer of Prelerrins, noc decerminable by the G00d or Lvil, that
is thouoht to actend its Choice, vould be so tar trom beins an advantase
and excellener of any intelleEtual Nature, that it vould be as preat an im-
perfection, as the want os Inditferener to aet, or not to act, till determi-
ned by che Will, vould be an impertection on che ocher side. A Man
is at liberty to lit ux lris Frand eo his Hlead, or let it rest quiet: Ele is
perlectls indifferent tocither; aud it mould be an imperfection in him, it
he wanted thatPorer, it he wero deprived ot that Indifterener. But it
ould beas preat an imperfection, il he had the same Indittereney, whe
ther he rould preter the littins ux his Fand, or its remainins in relt,
wrten ie irould sare his Flead or yes trom a blor he sees comins: tis
2ucn a perfection that the pover of Preferrine sould be determined by
60od as that the porver oF Actins Mould be determined by the Will; and
the certainer such determination is, the sreater is the pertoction.
G. 3F. IF re looh uponthose superiour Beines above us, Who enjoy per-
Fect Flappinels, We Mall havereason to judse they are more Aeadily deter-
mined in their choice of 600d than we: andz et re hare norcasonto thinte
theyare less happr, or less trec, thanreare. And it it ere sic For luch
poor tinite Creatures as re are, to pronounee ertiat intinite Wildom and
Coodness could do, Tthink we miohe Pay, That Crod himsel(cannot choole
wrhatis noc sood; the Fredom ot chie Almishus hinders nor his be
ins determined by erhat is best.