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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 161, page id 778263916:0177
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Morat Kelation.
them. under this to. sold Considerarion. First, A5 ther are in them-
Selres each made up of such a C ollection oE Timiple Ideas. FhusDrunkennese
Or Lrino, Tignitie such or such a Collection oF simple Ideas, Which. P CaII
mixed Modes; and in this Senle, thez are as much posstive absolute Ldeas–
asthe drintins oF a PTorse, or speakine oF a Parrot. Secondly, Diir Actiors
are considered, as Crood, Bac, or indisterent: and in this respect, they
are Relarive, it beins cheir Consormitr co, or Dilagreement rith some
Rule, chat makies them to be regular or irresular, Good or Bad; and (0.
ad tar asther are compared ith a Rule, andchercupon denominated, they
comcunder Rolation. Thusthe challengirs, and fighrins wich a Man
asit is a certain positire Mode, or parricular Tort ot Action, by particular
Ideas, distinguistred From all ochers, is called Duellins; Wtrich, iten
considered, in relation to the L aw ol God, will deserve the Name Sin;
tothe Lar ol Fastrion, in some Couneries, Valour and Vertue; and eo the
municipal Lars ol lome Governments, 2 capital Crime. In this Cale
Wrten ehe positire Mode has one Name, and anocher Name as it Cands
in relation eo te Fa, the distinction mar as easity be observed, a5 ic i5
in Substances, Where one Namme, 2. 8. Man, is uledto hsnisie the chine,
another, 2. g. Father, to lignitie the Relation.
5. F6. Butbecaule, verr trequentr che postive Idea oFthe Action, and
its Moral Relation are comprehiended tosether under onc Name, and the
Tame NVord made use OF, tO express Both the Bode or ACtion, and its
Moral Rectitude or Obliquity: Therctore the Relation it selF is lels taten
notice oF; and there is otten no distinction made berween the positive Idea
OEcheaction, and the reference it has to rule. BY Wrtrich contusion, ol these
tro dictinet Conliderations, under one Term, chose Wtro vield too casily
tothe Impressions oF Sounds, and are Formard toralse Names Por ThingS.
areosten misled in their judement ot Actions. Thus the talcins From a
nother Wrhac is his, Without his Rnomledge or Allowanco, is proverr cal-
led Scealins: but that Name, beins commonly understood to lionitie allo
themoral pravity of the action, and to denore its contrariets eo the
Lar, Men are apt to condemn irtraterer ther hear called Scealine, a5 an
ill Action, dilagreeins ith che Rule OE RigHI. And vet the private (2-
hins arar his Srordtrom a Mac-man, to prevene his doins Mischiet,
thouoh it be properly denominated Scealins, as the Name oF luch a mix-
ed Mode: Vet When compared to the Lar ot God; wrhen considered in
ies relation to chat supreme Rule, it is no sin, or Transgrection, thouoh
the Name Srealine ordinarilY carries such an intimation with it.
8. 17. And thus much Tor the Relation oE humane ActionS LO a L aW,
Whrich cheretore I cali Moral Relations.
Tvould makie a Volume, 20 50 over ali TOrES OF Relations: ris nOF
theretore to be expected, thât P Moulai here mention them alI. IF SuF.
fICeS EO our present purpose, to sew Dy these, Wrhat FHC IdeaS ArC, We
have of ehis comprehensire Consideration, call’e Relarion, Wrtrich is (0 va-
rious, aud the Occasions oE it C0 manr, (25 many as there can be oFcom
parins chines one eo another,) that it is not very calie ro reduce it toRules.
or under jult Feads. Fhose T have mentioned, Pchink, are some of thC
most considerable, and such, as may serre ro let us sec, trom Whence re
Get our Ideas OF Relations, and Wherein thez are founded. But betore L
quu chis Aroument, trom irtrat has been Paid, sive me Leave to oblerre,
d. 18. First, That IE is evident, That all Relation terminates in, and
is ultimarely founded on tnole simple Ideas, Wre have eot from Sensation or
Restection: Sochat all FhaE e have in our ThouphIS our lelres, (it Wre tmH
ot any chins, or have ans meanins,) or Would lignitieto others, When We