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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 175, page id 778263916:0191
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Adequate and. Inadequate Ideas
do not contaii in them all the simple Ldeas chat are united in the Thinc
themselres, is evident, in that Men dorarely put into their complex idea
o any Substanoc, all thelimple Ideas they do lno toexictin ir. Because
endearourine to malse the signilication of their speciticke Names, as clear.
and as litele cumbersorse astlier can, ther malre their specitick Ideas ot
the fores os Subltances, Forthe most part, ot a lewiol chole simple Ideas
irhich are to bo found in them: Buc thele haring no orisinal precedener.
orrishe to be put in, aud mahe the specitieh idea, more chan others that
are lest out, tis plain that boththese rays, our Ideas of Substances are de-
freient, and inadequate. Phe simple Ideas Whereos e mate our cori-
plex ones of Substances, are all oF ehiem (Barins orly theFisure and Bulk
ol some Torts) Povers; which beins Relations io ocher Substances, We
can never be lure e hnom allche Povers chat are in any one Bodr, tillire
have tried what Changes it is Aered to siveto, or receive Froin otlier Sub.
Stances, in their sereral, razsol application: Which Being immpolsible to be
tried upon ars one Body, much lels upon all, it is impossiblo re Mould
hrave adequare Ldeas ot any Substance, made up ota Collection of all its
Properties.
6. 9. Wholoerer Arst light on a parcel ot that lort ot Substance, we de-
noteby the mord Gold, could noc rationally takto the Bull and Figurehe
observed in that lump, to depend on its real Fllence; on its internal Con.
sicurion. Therelore thole never vent intohis Ldea ot that Species Ot B0-
dy: butits reculiar Colour, perhaps; and Weishe, vere the first he ab.
Sracted trom it, to mahethe complex Idea ol that Species. Which boch.
are but Porers; che onc io alteet our Eres, alter luch a manner, and to
Produce in us that Idea ve eaIl Vellorr; and tho other ro Force uprards
any ocher Body oFequal bult, ches beins put into a pair olequal Scales, one
agains anocher. Anocher, perhaps, added io thele, the Ideas ot Fulibi
lier and Fixednels, trro other passire Povers, in relation to the operarion
oF Fire upon it: Anocher, its Ductiliey and Solubilier in A9. Regia, LNO
Other Poivers, relatine to the opcration ot ocher Bodies, in changino its
ontward Fisure, or Separation of it, into sensible Parts. Thele, Or part ot
these, put tosether, ulually makre the complex idea in Mens Minds, Ot chat
fort oF Body We call Gold.
8. 20. But no one, Wrhro hath considered the Proverties oF Bodies in sc:
neral, or this Tort in particular, can doubt chat chis, calldGold, has infinite
Ocher Proverties, nor conrained in that complex idea: Sorie, Who have
examined this Species more accuratels, could, Ibeliere, enumerate ten
times as mans Proverties in Gold; all otthem as inseparable trom its in.
cernal Consticution, as its Colour, or Weishe: And cis probable, il ans
one hner all tho Properties, thatare by dirers Men lnoon ofthisMotal,
ehere trould an hundred times as mans Ideas, 5o to the complex Ldea ot
Crald, a5 ans one Man vet has inhis; and vet chat tiot, perhars, be the
thousandch part ot wrhat is to De discovered in it. The chanses that that
one Body is aptto receive, and matio in other Bodies, upon a due appli-
cation, exccedins tar, not only irhar me lnow, but nhat We are aptto
imaxine. Which will noc appear so much a Paradoz ro any onc, Who
will but consider, hor Par Nen are vet trom knowins allthe Properties of
thac one, no very compound Fieure, a Frianele, choush it be no (mait
numbersthatare already by Machematicians dilcorered ot it.
6. TT. So that all our complex Ideas of Substances are impertect and in-
adequate: Wrhich would belo also in mathematical Fipures, il We were to
have our complex Ldeas oFthem, only by collectins their Proverties, in
reterence to other Figures. Itor uncertain, and impertect, would our
Id eas
Chap. X22.