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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 204, page id 778263916:0220
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Names of mixed Modes.
have as lietle union in chemselres, as sereral other, to wtich the Nind
sires a connexion that combines them into one Ldea; ret they arc al
ays mado for the convenience ot Communication, irtrich is the chiet
end ot Languase. The Vsc oF Languose is, by Mort Sounds to lignitie
rich ease and disparch general Conceptions; Wherein not only abundance
oF particulars may be contained, but also a great varietr of independent
Ideas, collected into one complex one. In the makrine theretore ol thC
Species of mixed Hodes, Men have had regard onty eo such Combina.
tions, as they had occalion to mention one to another. Those ther have
combined into distinet complex Ideas, and siren names to; Whillt others,
that in Nature have as near an union, are lett loole and unresarded. For
tog0no Farther than humane Actions chemselres, il they vould make
distinct abstract ideas, ot all the Varieties might be observed in them,
the Number must be infinite, and thoMemorr contounded with the Plen-
eY, a5 vell asovercharsed to licile purpose. Ie lustices, thar Nen make
andname somanr complex Ideas of these mixed Modes, as they sind
ther hare occasion tohave names FOr, in the ordinary occurrence ot their
AairS. IFthey join to the sdea of Rillins, the Idea OF Father, OF MO-
ther, and somake a distinct Species rom hillins a Mans Son, or Neist.
Bour, it is because of the distinct punictiment, the one deserres different
Trom the other, Murther; and theresOre theY find it necessary tO mention
it by a distinct name, irhrich is the end of matins that dictinct Combina-
tion. But though the Ideas ofMocher and Daughrer, are (0 difterenty
treated, in relerence ro the Ldea oF Killing, that the one is joined wich it,
10 malse a distinst abstraet Idea wich a name, and (0 2 distinet Species,
and the ocher nor; vet in respect ofcarnal Knowledse, ther are both ra-
Hen in under Incest; and that Rill For the lame Convenience OF CxpreCTING
under onename, and reckonins olone Species, such unelean mixtures, as
have a peculiar turpitude berond otters; and chis ro avoid Circumlocu
tions, and tedious Delcriptions.
5. 8. A moderate still in different Languares, Will casily latissie onc oF
the truth ofthis, it beine soobvious to observe great Aore OFWords in one
Tancuage, which have not any that ansiver them in another. Whieh plain-
Iy es, that thole of one Counery, by their Customs and manner of
Fise, have found occasion to makre several complex Ldeas, and sire names
tothem, Which ochers never collected into specitick Ldeas. This could
not have happened, il chese Species ivere the Aeads Workmanctrip oF Na-
cure; and nor Collections made and abstracted by the Mind, in order to
namine, and for the convenience oF Communication. The terms OF our
LaW, erhich are not emper Sonnds, will hardly find N ords thac ansiver
them in thespanistr, orItalian, no scanty Languages; much lels, I thinte,
could any one translate them into the Caribec, or Westoe Tongues: And
the Versura oF the Romans. Or Corban ot the feus, have no Words in
Other Languases to ansiver them: Thereason irhereot is plain, trom
Wrhat has Been said. Nay, il e ill lool a little more nearly into this
matter, and exactly compare different Languases, Wre Mall find, that
thoush they have Words, wtrich in Franclations and Dictionaries, are
suxpoled to ansiver one another; yet there is scarce onc of ten, amongst
the names ot complex Ideas, especially ot mixed Modes, that Sands tor
the same precise Pdea, Which the Word does that in Dictionaries it is ren
dred By. There are no Ideas more common, and lels compounded, than
the Meatures oF Time, Fxtension, and Weighe, and the Latin names
FTora, Pes, Libra, are, witheut difficulty, rendred by the Fnglist names,
lour, F00t acd P oand: Buc y et chere is nochinss more criden, chanchat
Bc