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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 222, page id 778263916:0238
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Names of Substances.
5. 34. From What has Deen said, ris evident, that Men make sorts of
Things. For it Deins ditterent P. Pences alone, thar make different Spe.
cies, tis plain, that ther ertio make chole abstract Ideas, irtrich are the
nominal FSences, dothereby makethe Species, or Sort. Strould there be
a Body Found, havins all ehe other Oualities oF Gold, except Malleable.
ness, trould, no doube, be madea queltiom, whether it were Crold, Or nO;
erhether it ere ofthat Spccies. This couldbe determined onty by thac
abstract Idea to rrhich everr one annexed the name GoId: (O FhaL IE
ould be true Gold tohim, and belons to chat Species, wrho included
noc Malleableriess in his nominal fislence, lignitiedby che Pound Crold; and
on the other Cide, it ould not be true Ciold, or ofthat Species to him, wnho
included Malleableness in his specitiek Idea. And Who, I prar, is it, that
makces these divers Species, even under one and the same name, Dut NCn
thatmate tro dilterent abstraet Ideas, consisting not exactlr oF the same
collection of Qualities: Nor is ic a mere Suppolirion toimagine, that a
Body may exist, Wherein the othier obvious Qualities ol Crold may be
Writhiout Malleablenels; Cince it is certain, chat Cold it selF vill be lome-
times (o cager, (a5 Artilts CaILiC,) thar it will as licele endure the PTam.
mer, as Cla(s it SelF. What e have laid, ol the putting in, or leaving
out of Malleablenels out ot the complex Ldea, the name Gold is, by any
one, annexed to, may be laid ot its peculiar Weishr, Fixednels, and se-
veral other the likre Qualities: For Wharever is lest out, or put in, eis
Sill the complex Ldea, t0 Wrhieh char name is annexed, that matces the
Species: and as anz particular parcel ot Matrer ansivers that Idea, (O the
name of the sore belones truly to it; and it is of that Species. And thus
any thing is true Gold, perfect Metal. AII ehich determination ot tho
Species, tisplain, depends on the Onderstandins oF Man, matsins this or
that complex Idea.
8. 35. Thisthen, in Mort, is the case: Nature makes many particular
Thines, Which do aeree, one rrith another, in mans sensible Qualities;
and probabls t00, intheir internal trame and constitution: But Fis nOE
this real Fsence, that distinsuites them into species; tis Men, Who,
talins occalion trom the Oualities they find united in them, and irhere-
in ches obserre osten, sereral individualsto agrec, ranse rhem into Sorts,
in order to their namine. For the convenience ot comprehensire ligns;
under ertich particular, Individuals, accordins to cheir conformity to
this or that abstraet Idea, come to De rantied, a5 under Fnsiens: (0 thaE
this is ofche Blew, thar the Red Resiment; this is a Man, that a Drill:
And in chis, Ithinle, consists the whole bulinels ot Cenus and Species.
9. 36. Idonor dens, but Nature, in the constant production ot par-
ticular Beings, makces them not alrars ner and various, but very much
alitre and ot kin one to another: Buc I think it is neverthelels true, that
the Boundaries of the Species, Whereby Mensort them, are made by Men;
Cince the Fssences oFthe Species, distinguithed by ditterentnames, arc, as
hasbeen proved, ofmansmakins, and seldom adequate to the internal
Nature of the Thinss thes are talen trom. S0 chac We may truly (aY,
such a manner of Portins of Thines, is the Workmanship ot Men.
5. 37. One thins, Pdoubenot, but will leem very Aranse in this D0.
Arine; erhich is, thac, trom irhat has been laid, it rils follow, thaceach
abstract Ldea, with a name to it, mates a distinet Species. Buc Who can
helpie, il Truch will have it (0: For (o it must remain, till Lome body
car Ber us the Species oF Thines, limitted and distinguished by lome
chins else; and ler us see, that general terms signitie not our abstract
Ideas, buc somethins disterent trom chem. P rousd tain tnou, utis 2
Shock.
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