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# Title: An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding (shelfmarks Leibn. Marg. 38; ZEN Leibn. Marg. 38)
# Folio 294, page id 778263916:0310
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Oniver sat Propost
real Constitutions of substances, on irtrich cach secundary Ouality par-
ticularis depends. 2. Did e hnor chac, ic nould serve us only tor ex
perimental (not univer (a 1) Rnomledse; and reach rith certainty no far-
ther, than that bare instance: because our Inderstandings can discover
no conceirable conmexion bermeen any secundary Quality, and any modi-
fication Whacloerer, ot any of the primary ones. And theretore there are
very feu seneral Propositions zo be macte contermine substances, which can
carry mith them undoubted Certainty.
5. 8. AII Cold is Exed, is a Provolition vhose Truth We CannOE BC Cer-
rain oE, hou univertally soever ic bebeliered. Por il, accordins tothe
ulcless imasination ofthe Schools, ans one supposes the term Cold to
Aand for a Species ot Thinss serout by Nacure, by a real Listence belons-
ivg to it, tis cridene he knors not what particular Substances are OF that
Species; and so cannot, ich cerrainy, atterm ans chins univertally oE
Giold. But it hemake Cold stand for a Species, determined by ies nomi-
nal Fssence, let chenominal Fence, For example, be the complex idea
Ot a Bodyol a certain rellor colour, malleable, tulible, and heavier than
any ocher lncun; in this proper ule ol che rord Gold, chere is no dita
cules colnow whacis, or isno crold: but yet no ocher Oualiy can wicl
cerraines be univerlassy aAirmed or denied ot Cold, bur irtat hach a dif-
corerable connexion, or incontiltenes ith thar nominal Psence. Fixed-
nessu for example, havins no neceltars connexion, that e can dilcover,
with theColour, Weisht, or ans other limple Idea ot our complexone,
ex wichche rhole Combination rosecher; ic is impostible chat we Mould
cercanli lnoir che Truchol chiseropoluion, Fhacall cold is fixed.
d. 9. Aschere is no dilcoverable connexion betreen linednels, and the
Colour, Weist, and orher simple Ideas ofthat nominal P Nence oFGold;
soit re makeour complex Idea oF Cold, 2 Body vellor, tulible, duceile,
weishus, and fixed, we Malt be at che lame uncertainey concernins do-
lubilier in Ag. regia; and for thetame reason: lince e ean never, trom
consideration ot the Ldeas themselves, wich certaints attum or denz, ot
a Body whole complex Lacais made ux ofvellon, very weiphey, ductile,
Fulible, and fixed, that it is soluble in Ag. rexia: and (0on of the rest ot its
Oualicies. I ould sladlu meet with onc seneral Aftirmation, concer
nins any Dualiey of Crold, thac any one con certainly linow is true. It
Will, no doube, be presenels ovjected, Is not this an universal certain Pro-
posirion, Al Gold is malleable: To Which l ansiver, UE is a very certain
Proposition, it Malleablenels be a part of the complex Idea the word
Cola Rands for. But then here is nothins astirmed of Crold, bur that that
Sound stands for an idea in ertrich Malleableness is contained: and such a
Torc oE Fruthand Cercainey as this, it is rolay a Centauris tour Tooted. Butif
Malleablenels make noc a parr of the specitick Essence the name Gold
cands for, ris plain, Al Gold is malleable, is nor a cerraim Propolirion: be-
cause letthe complex idea o Cold be made up olnhichloerer o irs other
Qualicies ron please, Malleableness Wrill nor appear to depend on that com-
Dlex dea, nor Follo trom any simple one containedinit. Theconnexion
chat Malleablenels has (it it has any) rith thole orher Oualities, beine
only by the intervention of the real Concticution ot its insenlible Darts,
Which, lince eknon noc. tisimpotible me Mould perceive charconnexion,
unless re cousd discover chac wrhich ries them rosether.
8. 20. Themore, indecd, ot these co existinz Qualities ve unite into
one complex Ldea, under one name, the more precile and dererminate we
malie the signitication ot chat Word: buc yet never make it more capable
olumiversat Cerraines, in relpect ol ortier Qualicies, nOt conraired in oux
compleX
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