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An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, fol. 157

Machine transcription. Not an edition. Errors are expected: about 8% character error rate on Latin and French lines, higher on German. Mean line confidence on this page: 0.92.

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The machine reads it as

  1. Instituted Kelations.
  2. RishE, Pover, or Oblisation to do Comethins. Thus a Ceneral is one
  3. thac hath pover to command an Army; and an Army under a Gienerali
  4. is a Collection of armed Mser, obliged to ober one Man. ACitizen, Or
  5. a Bursher, is one who has a Risht to certain Privileges in this or that
  6. place. Al this sorr dependins upon Mens Wills, or Aereement in Sociei
  7. ty, I caII Instieuted, Or Voluncary; and mas be distinguistred trom the
  8. natural, in that thes aremost, il not all ol them, some n’ay or octrer alte-
  9. rable, and separable from the Perlons to wrhom ther hare Cometimes De-
  10. longed, though neither of the subltances, lo related, be destroy d. No
  11. thoughchese are all reciprocal, as Well as the relt; and contain in them
  12. a reterence ol rro things, one to the other: vet because onc ot therwo
  13. thinss olten anes a relarire Wame, importins chat reterence, uten usuat
  14. ly calse no notice ol ic, and the Relation is commonly over. loold, v. 8.
  15. A Patron and Cliene, are casils allorr d to be Rolations: but a Constable,
  16. Or Dictator, are not so readily, at tirst hearines, conlidered as (uch. Bei
  17. caule chere is no peculiar Name for thole who are under the Command ot
  18. a Dictator, Or Constable, expressins a Rolation to cither olthem; thougt
  19. it be certain, that cither ot them hath a certain Porer over some Others;
  20. and (0 is (0tar relatedrothem, as Wwelt as a Patron is to his Client, Or Ce
  21. neral to his Arm).
  22. D. 4. Fourther, There is another fort ot Relation, Whichis the Contor-
  23. mity, or Dilagreement, Mens voluntary Actions have to a Rule, to which
  24. they are reserred, and by Which thes arc judged ot, Which, Ichinke, may
  25. becalled Moral Relation; as beins thac wrhich denominates our Moral
  26. Actions, and deserres ell tobeexamined, chere beins no vart ot lno.
  27. ledse nherein e Mould be more caretul eo ser elear and distinet Ideas,
  28. and avoid, as muchiasmas be, Obscuriey and Contulion. Hlumane Aci
  29. ons, Wrhen with their various tinds, Objecs, Manners, and Circumstan
  30. ces, they are tramed into diltinet complex ideas, they arc, as has been
  31. Pered, (0 mansmixed Modes, a grear part Whereof have Names annexec
  32. co them. Thussuppolins Gracitude to bc a readiness to actinoiledoe
  33. and return Rindness reccived; Polrgamr to be the having more Wives
  34. than one at once: ertien e trame thele Notions thus in our Minds, We
  35. hare there (0 mans clear and distinct Ideas ot mixed Modes. But this
  36. is noc all concernins our actions; it is noc enoueh to have elear and
  37. distinct Ideas ot them, andro hnor wrhat Names belons to such and sucti
  38. Combinations oF Ideas, a5 malce up thie coriplex idea belonsins to tuch à
  39. Wame. We havea Farther and greater Concernment, and that is, to lnorr
  40. Wrhether such actions (0 made up, are morally gooc, or bad.
  41. 8. 5. Croodand Fvil, as has been Memed in anocher place, are nothine
  42. bur Pleature or Pain, or that which occations or procures Pleature or
  43. Pain EOUS. Morally 600d and Pvil then, isonly the Contormiey er Dil
  44. agreement ol our voluntari actionsto lome LaW, Wrhereby 600d or Fvil
  45. is dramnon us, trom the Will and Porer oltheLaw.maleer; irhrich 600d
  46. and Lril, Plealure or Pain, acrendins our obtervance, or breach ot the
  47. Farr, by che Decrec oEthe Lam. maker, is that we call Revard and Pu-
  48. nistment.
  49. 5. 6. Ofchese Moral Rules, Or LaWs; to Which Nen generallr reter, and
  50. by Which cher judse ofthe Rectitude or Pravier ol their ACtiOMS, FhErO
  51. seem tome co De thiceforts, ich cheir three ditterent Entorcements, or
  52. Rerards and Punistiments. For lince it ould be ueterty in vain, to sup.
  53. Dole a Rule set to the trec Actions oFMan, Without annexine to it some
  54. Finsorcement of Ciood and Fvil, to determine his Will, We must irhere
  55. erer we suppole a LaW, suppole allo lome Re ard or Puniltnene annexed

Cite

An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, fol. 157. Machine transcription, not an edition: Leibniz Legible (model FoNDUE-GD_v2_ft_Leibniz, run 74). https://leibnizlegible.com/page/778263916:0173?run=74